Dr Blessing Takawira, Prof. David Pooe
Abstract
This study investigates the implementation of traceability systems for food safety within informal business contexts, addressing a critical research gap in the literature. By employing a bibliometric systematic literature review (B-SLR) methodology, we analysed 522 scholarly articles spanning the period from 2000 to 2024, revealing a notable increase in research interest, particularly after 2018. Key findings indicate that technological barriers, financial constraints, and the absence of supportive governance frameworks are significant challenges hindering the adoption of traceability systems in informal sectors. Importantly, this research highlights the evolving role of innovative technologies, such as blockchain, which was found to enhance the effectiveness of traceability through improved speed and accuracy, alongside a modest reduction in implementation costs. Additionally, stakeholder engagement emerges as a crucial factor influencing successful adoption rates of traceability systems. The study contributes to the theoretical understanding of traceability implementation by framing the multidimensional challenges and opportunities unique to informal food businesses. Practically, it offers actionable recommendations for managers, policymakers, and technology providers to develop cost-effective and contextually relevant traceability solutions, ultimately advancing food safety practices in informal settings. This holistic approach aims to enhance the resilience and reliability of food supply chains, ensuring consumer safety and promoting the economic viability of informal food operations.