Alexander Samuels, Keletsamaile Motatsa
Abstract
This study evaluates the integration of electric vehicles (EVs) into urban transportation systems, with a focus on infrastructure development, policy frameworks, and environmental outcomes. Using a systematic literature review guided by the PRISMA methodology, the research synthesizes findings from 57 peer-reviewed studies to explore the multi-dimensional impacts of EV adoption in urban environments. The results indicate that EVs contribute significantly to emission reductions, improved urban air quality, and the development of sustainable mobility systems. Key enabling factors include robust charging infrastructure, smart grid integration, and well-designed incentive policies. However, the analysis also identifies persistent barriers such as infrastructure scalability limitations, policy gaps, and unequal access in developing contexts. The study employs the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) on socio-technical transitions as its theoretical lens, illustrating the relationship between technology, governance, and urban systems. By providing actionable recommendations for urban planners and policymakers, the study contributes to advancing sustainable transport strategies in alignment with global environmental goals. The study concludes with strategic insights for future planning and policy development to facilitate effective EV integration in dynamic urban landscapes.